1. Which of the following functions is used to display output on the screen in C?

• A) scanf()
• B) gets()
• C) printf()
• D) puts()

2. What is the purpose of the scanf() function in C?

• A) To display output on the screen
• B) To perform calculations
• C) To receive input from the user
• D) To write data to a file

3. What is the correct format specifier to scan an integer using scanf()?

• A) %f
• B) %d
• C) %c
• D) %s

4. Which of the following format specifiers is used to scan or print a floating-point number?

• A) %d
• B) %f
• C) %c
• D) %s

5. What does the format specifier %c represent in C's scanf() and printf() functions?

• A) Scan or print a string
• B) Scan or print an integer
• C) Scan or print a floating-point number
• D) Scan or print a character

6. Which of the following format specifiers is used to scan or print a string in C?

• A) %f
• B) %c
• C) %d
• D) %s

7. In C, the format specifier %lf is used to scan or print which type of data?

• A) Integer
• B) Character
• C) Double
• D) String

8. Which of the following is a formatted input/output function in C?

• A) gets()
• B) puts()
• C) scanf()
• D) fgetc()

9. What header file is required for using scanf() and printf() functions in C?

• A) stdlib.h
• B) stdio.h
• C) math.h
• D) string.h

10. What is the correct output for the following C code?

#include <stdio.h>
                int main() {
                    int num;
                    printf("Enter an integer: ");
                    scanf("%d", &num);
                    printf("The integer is %d", num);
                    return 0;
                }

• A) Enter an integer: (user input)
• B) Enter an integer: (user input) The integer is (user input)
• C) The integer is (user input)
• D) Compilation error

11. What does the getchar() function do in C?

• A) Reads a single character from the standard input and returns it as an integer.
• B) Writes a single character to the standard output.
• C) Reads a string from the standard input until a newline is encountered.
• D) Writes a string to the standard output with a trailing newline.

12. How does the putchar() function work?

• A) It reads a single character from the standard input.
• B) It writes a single character to the standard output.
• C) It reads a string from the standard input until a newline is encountered.
• D) It writes a string to the standard output with a trailing newline.

13. What is the purpose of the gets() function?

• A) To read a single character from the standard input.
• B) To write a single character to the standard output.
• C) To read a line of text from the standard input until a newline or end-of-file is encountered.
• D) To write a line of text to the standard output without a trailing newline.

14. What does the puts() function do?

• A) Reads a line of text from the standard input.
• B) Writes a line of text to the standard output with a trailing newline.
• C) Writes a single character to the standard output.
• D) Reads a single character from the standard input and returns it.

15. Which function would you use to read multiple characters in a loop?

• A) putchar()
• B) gets()
• C) puts()
• D) getchar()

16. Which function is typically used to display a single character on the screen?

• A) gets()
• B) puts()
• C) getchar()
• D) putchar()

17. What happens if you use gets() without a buffer large enough to hold the input?

• A) The input will be truncated.
• B) The program will crash.
• C) The input will be stored correctly, and the buffer will expand.
• D) The input will be ignored.

18. Which function should be used if you want to display a string with a newline at the end?

• A) getchar()
• B) putchar()
• C) gets()
• D) puts()

19. How can you read more than one character using getchar()?

• A) Use it in a loop to read characters one by one.
• B) Use it with a buffer to read multiple characters at once.
• C) Use it to read a string directly.
• D) It cannot be used to read more than one character.

20. Which of the following is true about gets() and fgets()?

• A) gets() is safer than fgets().
• B) fgets() allows specifying the maximum number of characters to read, whereas gets() does not.
• C) gets() and fgets() are functionally identical.
• D) fgets() does not read input from the standard input.

21. What is the primary purpose of the fprintf() function in C?

• A) To print formatted data to the console.
• B) To read formatted data from a file.
• C) To write formatted data to a file.
• D) To write unformatted data to the console.

22. How does the fscanf() function work in C?

• A) It writes formatted data to a file.
• B) It reads formatted data from a file based on the provided format.
• C) It prints formatted data to the console.
• D) It reads a single character from a file.

23. Which function is used to read formatted data from a string buffer and store it in variables?

• A) sprintf()
• B) fprintf()
• C) sscanf()
• D) fscanf()

24. What does the sprintf() function do?

• A) Reads formatted data from a file.
• B) Formats and stores values in a character array.
• C) Prints formatted data to the console.
• D) Reads formatted data from the console.

25. What is the key difference between fprintf() and printf()?

• A) fprintf() writes to a file, while printf() writes to the console.
• B) fprintf() reads from a file, while printf() reads from the console.
• C) fprintf() formats data, while printf() does not.
• D) fprintf() and printf() are functionally identical.

26. Which function would you use to read formatted data from a string buffer?

• A) fprintf()
• B) fscanf()
• C) sscanf()
• D) sprintf()

27. When using sprintf(), what should be considered regarding the buffer size?

• A) The buffer size should be exactly the size needed for the output.
• B) The buffer size should be slightly larger than the anticipated output size.
• C) The buffer size is not important as sprintf() dynamically allocates memory.
• D) The buffer size should be the same as the size of the input string.

28. What is the role of the format parameter in fscanf() and fprintf() functions?

• A) To specify the output format of the data.
• B) To specify the type of data to read or write.
• C) To indicate the file to be used.
• D) To determine the size of the buffer.

29. Which function would you use to print formatted data to the console?

• A) fprintf()
• B) fscanf()
• C) sscanf()
• D) printf()

30. If you need to read formatted data from a file using a file pointer, which function would you use?

• A) sprintf()
• B) fprintf()
• C) fscanf()
• D) sscanf()

31. What is the main purpose of the sscanf() function?

• A) To write formatted data to a file.
• B) To print formatted data to the console.
• C) To read formatted data from a string.
• D) To read formatted data from the console.

32. How do you handle errors when using the fprintf() function?

• A) Check the return value; if it is negative, an error occurred.
• B) Use a specific error handling function for fprintf().
• C) fprintf() does not support error handling.
• D) Errors are automatically handled by the compiler.

33. What should be done if fscanf() does not read data as expected?

• A) Verify the format specifier matches the data in the file.
• B) Ensure the file pointer is correctly initialized.
• C) Check the buffer size used in fscanf().
• D) Increase the file permissions for reading.

34. Which function should you use if you need to format values into a character array without printing them?

• A) fscanf()
• B) sprintf()
• C) sscanf()
• D) fprintf()

35. How do sprintf() and sscanf() differ from printf() and scanf()?

• A) sprintf() and sscanf() handle strings, while printf() and scanf() handle console I/O.
• B) sprintf() and sscanf() are used for file I/O, while printf() and scanf() are used for string manipulation.
• C) sprintf() and sscanf() handle console I/O, while printf() and scanf() handle file I/O.
• D) sprintf() and sscanf() are used for reading and writing directly to/from files.

36. In which scenario would you use sprintf() over printf()?

• A) When you need to store formatted data in a string rather than printing it.
• B) When you need to print formatted data to the console.
• C) When you need to read formatted data from a file.
• D) When you need to write formatted data to a file.